Diabetic Retinopathy

The test is typically carried out using the following methods:

Dilated Eye Exam:

The healthcare provider will put drops in your eyes to dilate (widen) your pupils.

Once your pupils are dilated, the doctor can see the retina and the blood vessels more clearly to check for abnormalities such as leaks, swelling, or new blood vessel growth.

A fundus camera or slit-lamp may be used to take detailed images of the back of the eye (fundus) for further analysis.

Fluorescein Angiography (if needed):

This is a more advanced test where a special dye is injected into your bloodstream, and a camera is used to capture images of the retina to assess blood flow and identify leaks or blockages in the retinal blood vessels.

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) (optional in some cases):

This test uses light waves to take cross-sectional images of the retina, helping to detect fluid buildup and other changes that might indicate diabetic retinopathy.

Why It’s Important:

• Early Detection: Diabetic retinopathy often has no symptoms in its early stages, so regular eye exams can help identify issues before they affect vision.
• Prevention of Vision Loss: Early intervention (e.g., laser treatments, medication) can help manage or slow the progression of retinopathy, potentially saving your vision.
• Monitoring Progression: The test helps doctors track changes in the retina over time, which is especially important for people with long-standing diabetes or those with fluctuating blood sugar levels.

Frequency:

1. If you have Type 1 diabetes, it's recommended to start eye exams within 5 years of being diagnosed, typically once a year.
2. For Type 2 diabetes, eye exams should begin at the time of diagnosis and continue annually.
3. Pregnant women with diabetes are also at higher risk, so eye exams are recommended more frequently during pregnancy.